Momentum Balance Analysis of Spherical Objects and Long-Term Field Observations of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) in the Swash Zone

Military activity has resulted in unexploded ordnance (UXO) existing the nearshore. Understanding and predicting UXO behavior is important for object identification, management. Here, two studies (laboratory fieldwork) have been conducted to observe surrogates swash zone relate burial migration underlying forcing conditions. A small-scale laboratory dam-break study was quantify of varying density spherical objects at different locations on a sloping, mobile, sandy bed. moment balance applied derive data-driven relationships to: (1) predict moments from cross-shore flow velocity with predictions confined within factor two; (2) upslope or downslope moment. Fitting coefficients vary as function density, initial position, burial. field also investigate long-term eight varieties surrogates. Of 129 observations, 56% were mobilized which 76% directed offshore. Burial/exposure mostly related far-field beach accretion/erosion (67%). However, scouring processes observed. Data showed that likely short-term process most munitions will ultimately scour into mobile